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TABLE1
    ID           NUMBER,
    NAME      VARCHAR(20),
    DATE_N   DATE,
    SAL         NUMBER

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insert into ADRH.TABLE1
     (ID, NAME, DATE_N,SAL)
values
  (:ID, :NAME, :DATE_N, :SAL )

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//
implementation
function ExceptionCode(AException: Exception): String;
begin
  Result := Copy(AException.Message,  4, 6);
end;

function IsOracleException(AException: Exception): Boolean;
begin
  Result := Copy(AException.Message, 1, 4) = 'ORA-';
end;

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procedure TConceptos.ACEPTClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  try
    OraQuery1.Open;
    OraQuery1.Append;
    OraQuery1.FieldByName('ID').AsInteger:= strtoint(trim(Maskedit1.Text));
    OraQuery1.FieldByName('NAME').AsString:= Maskedit2.Text;
    OraQuery1.FieldByName('DATE_N').AsDateTime:= strtodate(trim(Maskedit3.Text));
    OraQuery1.FieldByName('SAL').AsInteger:= strtoint(trim(Maskedit4.Text));
    OraQuery1.Post;
    OraQuery1.Session.StartTransaction;
    OraQuery1.ApplyUpdates;
    OraQuery1.Session.Commit;
    OraQuery1.CommitUpdates;
  except
    on E: Exception do
    begin
      if IsOracleException(E) then
      begin
        if ExceptionCode(E) = '-01400' then
          E.Message := 'cannot insert NULL';
      end;
      raise;
    end;
  end;
end;